Dynamic light scattering is known as a fast and efficient screening method for aggregate / particle detection. It is widely used within biopharmaceutical development. DLS closes the gap between techniques like size exclusion chromatography (SEC), that measure small soluble aggregates and particle methods such as light obscuration (LO) or micro flow imaging (MFI). Due to a high sensitivity toward large species, even small impurities can be detected within the measurement range (0.5 nm – 1 µm). Please follow the link for more information.  

Sedimentation velocity analytical ultracentrifugation (SV-AUC) is regarded as the gold standard for aggregation analytics. SV-AUC is a first principle method, and in contrast to size exclusion chromatography (SEC), SV-AUC does not rely on a stationary phase.  Furthermore, SV-AUC samples are not diluted by a mobile phase. For these reasons, regulatory bodies like FDA and EMA show steadily increasing interest in SV-AUC results. We therefore advise to always verify SEC results by a first principle method like SV-AUC. For more information about the use of SV-AUC in biopharmaceutical development please follow the link.

AF4 is a valuable tool for verification of SEC results. It can use the same mobile phase but does not depend on a stationary phase. AF4 thus is an exceptionally useful technique to investigate the effect of the stationary phase on SEC results. AF4 is applicable to establishing screening methods with large measurement ranges, from 1 nm up to 1 μm. Despite the vast size region, high resolution within the oligomeric range is possible. In combination with a multiangle laser light scattering (MALLS) detector, AF4 allows us to quantify as well as characterize different species, for example in regard to their molecular weight). For further information please follow the link. 

Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) is the most widely used technique for aggregate determination in biopharmaceutical development. Obvious advantages are the easy handling and the good reproducibility that this method provides. To avoid misleading results, it is essential to develop a method that is not solely based on the observed elution pattern of the sample, but that also characterizes each observed eluted species individually. The state-of-the-art MALLS detector (Wyatt DAWN Heleos II) at ZentriForce Pharma allows us to obtain the molecular weight of all observed species. With this information we can develop a truly feasible SEC method for you. For more information please follow the link.

Depending on the size of your API particle size determination (between 1 nm and 1 μm ) can be one of the most important steps for the monitoring of your drug products quality. ZentriForce Pharma offers a wide range of techniques to support  (between 1 nm and 1 μm ). If you need further information please follow the link. 

Temperature stability testing is a crucial step in both biosimiliarity studies and formulation development. It is also a valuable tool in production optimization. With our setups we can support you either investigating the aggregation temperature or doing isotherm stability testings. If you need further information please follow the link. 

In the last couple of years, the interest in the determination of predictive parameters within formulation development has grown. Interactions parameters provide valuable information for the prediction of molecular stability. These values are used in a “design of experiment” (DOE) approach to assist formulation developments. Please follow the link for more information.